当我们想到国际外交, 我们可以想象国家元首出席官方会议, 但事实上，每个人都可以(也应该)参与外交, 即使在新型冠状病毒肺炎期间保持社交距离. 公共外交, 又称人民外交, “describes government-sponsored efforts aimed at communicating directly with foreign publics.“从本质上来说, public diplomacy is about building bridges of underst和ing between people of other countries, 不仅仅是政府间的关系. 这也包括虚拟交换! We’re re-enabled by modern technology now more than ever to make 和 maintain connections with people of different countries. 我们正在适应隔离, we can embrace digital connectivity 和 feel empowered to become public diplomats in conjunction with our government.
传统上, the purpose of public diplomacy was to promote national interests 和 advance foreign policy goals. 据南加州大学公共外交中心称， “公共外交 includes such activities as educational exchange programs for scholars 和 students; visitor programs; language training; cultural events 和 exchanges; 和 radio 和 television broadcasting. Such activities usually focused on improving the ‘sending’ country’s image or reputation as a way to shape the wider policy environment in the ‘receiving’ country.“历史上, intercultural exchange programs have served as examples of public diplomacy in their work to develop cultural underst和ing 和 peaceful foreign policy. 这就是为什么 肯尼迪总统. 肯尼迪在白宫会见了一般时时彩网址的学生 in the early 1960s: he recognized the power of student exchange as public diplomacy.
从那时起, the definition of public diplomacy has broadened to cover a variety of efforts, 正式的和非正式的, to cultivate meaningful connections between people of different countries 和 deconstruct stereotypes. 公共外交 has now come to include non-governmental actors 和 institutions who look to create mutually positive relations on a global scale.
一般时时彩网址-USA如何开展公共外交
As an organization that empowers people to become globally engaged citizens by delivering meaningful intercultural experiences, 公共外交是我们一般时时彩网址的工作. It’s how we fulfill our mission of providing the knowledge 和 skills people need to help create a more just 和 peaceful world.
Our founders recognized that cultural exchange could promote peace when they returned from their service as volunteer ambulance drivers in WWI 和 WWII. 随着 联合国 explains, “three-quarters of 世界’s major conflicts have a cultural dimension.通过在一般时时彩网址维护接待外国交换学生.S. 和发送你.S. 学生出国, 我们促进正在进行的对话, 文化学习, 和 friendships across countries that help avoid misunderst和ings that can lead to conflict. Exchange goes both ways for us—both “sending” 和 “receiving” countries benefit from diversifying perspectives 和 breaking down harmful cultural biases.
Specific 和 meaningful connections between people of different cultures creates a ripple effect that extends deeply into communities, 学校, 和双方的家庭交流. 这就是行动中的公共外交. 虽然宏观因素很重要，但微观因素更重要. 简单的对话, sharing a car or meal or Skype call with someone from a different culture—it’s these small interactions that accumulate into deep relationships 和 respect for diversity. 这就是我们创造和平的全球公民的方式.
As 埃米尔·哈萨诺维奇，2009年的YES学生 来自马其顿，他在明尼苏达州待了一年
“You put people in a room together… You put people in the chess club together. 这就是把人们团结在一起的方式。. “That’s how you break the stereotypes…You can have the biggest defense budget in 世界,”他补充道. “最终，你最大的资产是员工.”
目前，一般时时彩网址-USA与一般时时彩网址维护政府合作.S. Department of State’s Educational 和 Cultural Affairs Bureau to implement four high school exchange programs that bring international participants to the U.S. 和/或发送.S. 留学生:
- 肯尼迪-卢格青年交流学习(YES): The Kennedy-Lugar Youth Exchange 和 Study (YES) program was initiated by the Department of State in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks. It aims to build bridges of underst和ing between Americans 和 people in countries with either significant Muslim populations or strategic importance. 奖学金也提供给一般时时彩网址维护.S. 高中生出国要通过 是的海外项目.
- 国家安全青年语言倡议(NSLI-Y): The National Security Language Initiative for Youth (NSLI-Y) program was launched in 2006 to promote critical language learning among American youth. The NSLI-Y program encourages a lifetime of language study 和 cultural underst和ing by providing over 650 summer 和 academic year merit-based scholarships. 参加者接受强化语言教学, 在项目的全部或部分时间与寄宿家庭住在一起, 并参加社区服务和各种文化活动.
- 国会联邦议院青年交流(CBYX): 1983年一般时时彩网址, the Congress-Bundestag Youth Exchange (CBYX) program is jointly funded 和 managed by the U.S. 和德国政府. CBYX为一般时时彩网址维护大学提供350个奖学金.S. 高中学生, 职业领域高中毕业生, 和年轻的专业人士参加了一学年的家庭住宿项目.
- 未来领袖交流(FLEX): 成立于1992年, the Future Leaders Exchange (FLEX) program strives to improve mutual underst和ing 和 develop 和 strengthen long-term relationships between citizens of the U.S. 以及东欧和欧亚大陆国家的公民. The program supports the exchange of 高中学生 from 21 Eastern European 和 Eurasian countries to the U.S. 为期一年的学术寄宿经历.
我们都可以参与其中, 无论是通过欢迎国际学生, 生活在国外, 从事虚拟交易, 或者支持我们社区的跨文化交流. While we’re all hopeful 和 eager to meet in person, we can still engage in public diplomacy. 我们都可以成为人民的文化大使和外交官. Because that’s what public diplomacy focuses on—the people who will change governments, 政策, 和, 最终, 世界.